The produced coreshell SPIONs were microscopically and spectroscopically characterized and determined for their IC50 value against HeLa cell line. Owing to the ample biological usefulness of pyridoxine hydrochloride, in this study, chitosan was dissolved in it and was used for coating the curcumin loaded functionalized SPIONs as the final phase of the core shell preparation. Pyridoxine is usually given orally–the preferred route–and may also be given subcutaneous, intramuscular, or intra venous routes. Pyridoxine, a water soluble vitamin involves in amino-acid, carbohydrate and fat metabolism and is also required for the formation of haemoglobin when given as hydrochloride. Pyridoxine hydrochloride dissolves chitosan, moreover it is biocompatible. However, the solubility of chitosan in acid solution limits the applications of this material. Biopolymer like chitosan is a best choice, which is a natural, biodegradable, non-antigenic, non-toxic and bio-functional polymer. Coating with biocompatible polymer makes it indispensable. More precisely, it prevents hydrophobic–hydrophobic interactions which leads to SPIONs aggregation. In drug delivery applications of SPIONs, the coating agent protects nanoparticles from chemical reaction and also enhances its stability. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is one of the ionic surfactants which belongs to the amphiphiles family they possess hydrophobic hydrocarbon chain and a polar head group. Ionic, nonionic, cationic and amphoteric surfactants are well used for functionalization. ![]() Surface engineering of particles enhance the drug loading and drug release efficiency and also reduce the non-specific or unpleasant interaction with host. This also increases its biomedical applications. In order to load any drug onto SPIONs, it must be surface engineered or functionalized. To make the drug bioavailable at the target site, it is required to be loaded on a proper carrier like SPIONs. ![]() These incredible versatile properties of curcumin made the researchers to use it in drug delivery applications. Curcuminoids, which include curcumin related molecules, are effective antioxidants with demonstrated medicinal effects and as anticancer agent against various cancer types. The efficacy of curcumin for biological applications is studied in depth by many researchers. This might be due to poor absorption, rapid metabolism and rapid systemic elimination of curcumin. One of the deficiently bioavailable drugs, despite its varied cytotoxic effect, is curcumin. Hence, SPIONs have been raised to be one of the most important nanoparticles in industrial and biomedical research. Even more, using SPIONs, deficiently bioavailable drugs can be loaded and directed to the diseased location or site of action of the drug with the support of an external magnetic field, thus cross the limitations attributed by conventional therapeutic tools. SPIONs are the potent candidates as nanocarriers for targeted drug delivery as they are safe, obey external magnetic field and also allow fabrication and surface engineering. ![]() Most of the drugs have the issue of reaching the target site, which is overcome by advanced drug delivery of modern medicine wherein, targeted drug delivery is possible when proper nanocarrier is used. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) are believed to be one of the promising candidates for various biomedical applications such as imaging, diagnosis, drug carrier for targeted drug delivery and many others.
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